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WRECKS-. OF .1.859'.* number of the interesting
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FOKEIGN" CORRESPONDENCE
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Untitled Article
rr * iHE present Quarterly publication jL mentioned below , . tho -organ , of one of the most usoiul institutions in existence , ' contain-- * a valuable mas ; ut miormation in reference to ths impoi-taat subject oil v / Iuchzt tzvats . Admn-u Fitz-Bov , F . E . S ., contributes a payer " On \ Veathcr Glasses . ^ We have an account of « Additional Stations and ^ onv Lite-boats << Barometers for Life-boat Stations- "• is the title ot an article ; that every inhabitant , of the . greatest maritime country m txie world ought , to read . « The Services of Life-boats , - ' aro sot foifch in a condensed summary , showing the vital importance of the «« bjoct , _ i ^ i . « ' ¦ „* ., „„ , .,- « r ,., ^ , l tVinf-linv ; boon ettheted bv t-Uc-ni . JLSut the aud the extensive good that lias been oflectecl by them . JJiit tl o
leading feature of the number is « 1 he W reck ltogirtor andlkr of 1859 , with' nine columns ot explanatory matter . . Ou the liiitisli coasts alone , during- that fatal year , ' which terminated , with a series of violent storms , out of 4 , 01 ) 0 shipwrecked persons ( in round numbers ) on board more than 1 ,-i-OU . wrecks , upwardsof 1 , > i <> sunk , never to rise again . A million-and-a-half sterling docs not adequately represent the loss ' of property sustained . Uii tne Eastern coast alone , more than 020 . vessels were -wrecked , biici is an outline of losses in the gross ; the per centagc of wn-ich may be calculated from the statement , that last year tlio number ot vessels that entered inwards and cleared -outwards , was cmifc ei-32000000
ably above 300 , 000 , their total tonnage being nearly , , , and bearing-a human freight of a million of souls . Indeed those who are ¦¦ acquainted- with our Eastern coast know that as many as 500 vessels are often seen afc one time from one . point ot view , while an equal number throngs the outlets of the iiwsey and the Thames . The most disastrous tempests were those ol 2 oth , 2 Otn , and 31 st October , and 1 st and 2 d ' November , In the hrstot these gales there were 133 complete wrecks , and 00 senpus accidents , with a loss of 800 lives ; the ill-fated Itoyal Charter alone contributing -146 Y . In the November hurricane , the results were less frightful , and the total wrecks did not so far exceed the accidents ; there being 27 of each . But on the 28 th . of April last , i 2 i persons were engulfed at once in the Pomona . . " Accident" aud " chance , which in a scientific view , is but an expression of our ignorance , as being applicable to unexplained cases of causation , arc curiously illustrated in the apparent , freaks and caprices of natural phenomena , which * however , wo know , act in conformity with rigorous lish vessels
laws , unbending in their operation . Casualties to Eng trading from our shores to the United States rose from 92 / m 1858 ^ to 1 , 187 in 1859 , while those acoruing to foreign bottoms sunk from 209 to 188 . In the over-sea trade , one voyage out oi every 175 made by English ships is marked with a « casuaitv ; against 1 in every 335 , such voj-ages by the foreigner . Whether this exemplifies the fable of " ¦ The Hare and the Tortoise , ' . ' or Shakspeare ' s . saying that "it is . the bright day that brings forth the adder , and claims wary walking , we don't pretend to explain in this article ; British Jack may be too confident in . his seamanship , whilo the " foreigner" keeps his weather eye wider open , and winks it less frequently . If the vessels lost in 1859 , com- . pared with 1858 , be classified by their cargoes , wo have the followingresults : 5 . 06 against 377 laden colliers ; 71 against il light , colliers ; 130 against 101 ore ships , and < L 2 against 14 passenger ' ships , with general cargo . Then to analyse the losses : m the " Itegist . er" before us , according to register and tonnage , wo have 491 schooners , 2 , 92 brigs , 127 sloops , 123 barques , There
Avere 493 " casualties" to vessels ranging irouv 100 to 300 tons ; 455 vcsseJls from 50 to 100 tons ; under . 50 tons there were 30 G casualties , and 1 G 0 to vessels over 300 tons . " It vvas amongst these numerous wrecks ^ " says the Jo ? irnal of the National JLijehoai In . ilitu ( ion , ' hofbrQ us ,. " -which often occurred during fearful storing , that the life-boat vas busily engaged . It is a long list of noble services , and a ' -fow of thorn will bo enough to show what strong claims the Institution has upon tlio sympathy and support of the public . " Wo inust -here conclude this brief outline , and refqr to the periodical alluded to for further information on the subject .
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nrj . v ^ Aiji Hanover , Oct . 9 , 1860 . FO 11 sometime past a report was in circulation 'that the Prussian . Ministry had laid proposals before the Prince Regent for the nomination of a certain number of new members to the Upper House of Parliament . These proposals ore now accopted , eighteen persons having teen creatod members of the House of Lords for life . The Prussian Wochevllcitt which , according to general belief , is the organ of the Ministry , has an article upon the subject , and it is , therefore , interesting to learn -the captives of the measure , and tlio hopes which tlio ( Jovoruinonb rests upon it .
After pointing out the opposition nl ( spirit and position of tlio Upper IJoueo to the present . Government ., the article in question proceeds to state , that even on the change of Ministry" winch tpok place with the Regency , when it was feared that the upl" ©* House would display the i ? unie eyfitewatio ortvositioxi to the adviser ' s of the Crown that had . characterised it in its relations to the people , good reasons existed for tlio opinion that tho moment had arrived to correot bo sensiblo an evil by the omi- lpymont of the prerogative -which the Constitution had placed in the Crown . Tho Government , however , doubtless dosh'o < L to afford
the Upjjer House tho opportunity of proving , tliut ifs momlicrs ¦ would comjirehend and confirm to . tha altered cireuiniitanc . . ; i of the time . But although- tku exfcvieucs of . the last , ye-. siuu h . w shown that that legislative body eo far forgets the ¦ coiKiiudns of ity existence , that relyiuy upon its position , in llij State , it has . thought proj ^ er to adopt a s \ stem oi tactics , the aim of which is to transform this monarchy into aiv oligarchy , yet the hesitation and delay of the ¦ Government 'has gaffed tho- ' advantage thai the defects and prejudices of . lluib . body h : nv -become folt to tlu fullest extent . Jt -was felt as a most oppressive evil , that in the midst . of the Upper House itself the views of the Prince Regent and oi' dio
people-met with-the most determine : 1 resistance , and thai all the reasons brought forward by . thy Ministers of tho- Crown in suiij-iort of any mea-iiuv , were . totally cli . ; ivy ; arded by the 1 lvjutl . ieed majority . Another co . usi . leiution for tlu ¦( . jowru-ijiont \ v ; i ; j iii . i circumstanco that in the U pi . » er liuuso not a voice was i \ ii .- ; o .. l ihat found an . echo in the I ' lcopk . ' This vas mo . i ' c i ! c .. Ci vi : g s ., f ttticnlion , for it gave proui that tbe a . > -cmL'ly h-jL . l a '< cf from ihe naiion and liindere-l ils pl-ogivefi—it luiil cntiiviy brokenoir" all co ; uiL-cti ! . n with thu age in which \* c live , and that is , for a -pc-Iiiic ; d institution a sure sign of approachuig di ' ssolulion . Li v . as , tlii .-refore , the Wochenblalt cunclu ; . lcs , liigli time for tho C ' rov .-n , ' by tUe employnaeiit . of its prerogative , 'to niake a first attempt at redress . The Government : oi' the Prince lie ^ cnt has thereby rendered it
evident that it comprehends the naLure of ih ' o-uvil ,. anl thai it id resolved to apply the needful iv m ' eJy . The iiomiiiaLions made by tha . Governnieut .-will intrpJuee into the Upps-T lluu .-e elcnijnis which will bs a guavaiiteo . that this body shall not sink dejpjr and deeper in its oligarchical slough . Tlrjy will form the' nucleus of a political party that perceives , in an active progressive developenient ., the vital la \ v of Prussia ; and the po-. vor of . liuiili upon- > vliich this opinion is base I will undoubtedly exorcise an iiiilm . 'ncu . TJie act of the Crov / ii wilL iinally- ^ aud upon this we- lay tho greatest stress—be regarded by the majority of ... the ¦¦ . U . i » i > ei- iiouMC ; w a serious reminder of the position and duties of ili-is body , and - \ vill tend to dispel : the dangerous illusion that it . ]! 05 ses : ? Qs ike " I ' iOw . ev to
1 decide the fate of the country in ojiposuion to . tlij wiil oi ' ti ; e Iiegent . The majority , will perceive , in this a-cir , a reminder that , in ease the opposition ' ' hitherto . displayed }; o persisted . in , the Crown potse . ^ cs tho ]; o \ vvr io cnuh theni into a iniuoritj' -, and to confine theh' -miich-boa&ied inliuenqe within a very narrow circle . It is to be lit > j . e . l thai ilus measure will . suffice iu tlie Upper . 11 ouac to levnl force- to t ! io ' sjiii-it of-moderation and political prinlciico , ami ihereby onubiu ihis institution to take iinii root , in ihc country . . A . s tiie miiustvrial organ observed , this act is merely intended as a reminder ; iind , indeed , considering the provocation both ministry and peo ^ Je hav ^ received at the hands oi' the feudalists of the Upper llou . se , a very mild one . There is , i . b is true , a threat of another blow at no distant date , but the application , of it . will pruvo . as disastrous to liberal progress as to tho feudalists . That the Urgent is thoroughly
justitiel in the step taken no one can question who has folly \ ve < l the proceedings in tho hist session of the -Prussian Parliament . Tho anger excited by the daring opposition ,, unsupported , by a ; iy avynineiits , was so great that a ciy was raiaod for tho uLolnion oi' -vIjj Upper House altogether . The liberal pro-s siivunoL cycry ner \ o to Ciihn the popular mind , fp . u'iiig that fclie llegent and his ministers might bo induced to strike a blow which would utterly destroy thqir still weak and undeveloped comUtiifcioiial existence , Tne pooplo bore tho insolence of the . feudalists with patience , and ministers have made the mildest possiblo tiso of ( he prerogative . They have created eight-eon , votes when they re ^ uiro at leari b one hundred . The votes upon which tho Govennnenb could count i ' or all measures of a decidedly libeiMl bharadter numbered , on . die most favourable occasions , about ; forty against ouo liun . drod and twenty , liub to obtain this numbar the mmistry avus forcod to make the wideab concessions . 'JL'hub aa addition of eighteen or twenty-four membeiy will produce lit tlu change in tho taciics of the feudalists is self-evident ; the menace of a nominatipn in
greater number may . The National jieitimg observes , that among tho noble lanclou proprietors in the upper house not more than two have . shown therasolvos consistent advooates of liberal measures . Porhttts ulo ministers imagine that by adding to these about ten others , those liberally inclined feudaliata may be attracted who have hold aloof , from a fooling of annoyance at being obliged nlwnyi * to vote with burgomasters , is thorp no stuff in Prussia , risks tho National , out of which a Whig party ; might be formed V It is vorv much to bo doubted , The Prussian nobility hoars no rosombhiuoo to ilio linglish . That iin-rtyof tho PruBsiim aristocracy wJuch foUows iho
bannerol ! the Krcuz Zaitimy -roprosuuto n prejiuliced supoiciuous caste who , with their narrow -minded viowa aud tsolilsh ii . Uuro . » l ( 3 , have nothing in common with tho people , whoso language they , iu fttot , hardly understand . Should uiote u . Mtcinon ngaiu utUiin to jjower , as in the years of l'ouclion , thpir yoko Avouki bo even more oppreissivG thnri a foreign one , us to do&potio opprofisiciU would bo added thoprido and insoluiico of an a ^ oi'tyd diatinotiou of racy , it ; would bo abfcm'd to compuro tho ; io feudalists with tlie Knghuii Tories . Onthoothorhund , those , of tlio nobles who Hoparato thuin-« elves from this cliquo , lanalgauiuto iviih , ami uro'Jc . Bt in tlio pooplO j thure buing no j oliticul ] aogii . innio , no juriy which I hoy could join , and bocunio tlio loader /* cli . CojifcivquL'iii . iy litilc liojo liouao
ounbehold out that the atlompt to cren , tu iu tho upj . or un clement with an aivstocrfttie and yob liboxal stninp , will meet wiuj Buccess . Aftev all struggling and oxperimontiug the buBis wiU have to bo changed upou which , atprosunt , the Upper Wouso rests .
Untitled Article
• SP / tp Lifa-bottt , or the Journal of tho fl ' atlonttf U Tti-boat / natltuHon . No . 38 , Oct . 1800 , JUiuloui Oniou at tho IiihUUUIou , M , Jolui . atroot , AilulpUl , W . Q . Soorotftry , R , LoavIs , JChq ,
Untitled Article
ggg The Saturday [ Analyst and Leader * [_ 0 ct . 13 , 1860
Wrecks-. Of .1.859'.* Number Of The Interesting
number of-the interesting WRECKS OP 1859 . * , i » - * ^ Itz-. tt aP + li r » -i Tif oi » n ^ f i n iv n
Fokeign" Correspondence
FOKEIGN" CORRESPONDENCE ^ i "W" * ^ 1 * ^ i T k TT
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 13, 1860, page 866, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2369/page/10/
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